The Bean Trees

In the book The garret Trees by Barbara Kingsolver, thither is a young girl named Taylor who did not want to be like the typic girls from Kentucky. She wanted to go and pick up extinct of the small town. She got in her old do the dishes up machine and traveled passim the United States, until she landed in Arizona. When she was thither she not only had to deal with herself, neertheless she now had a little girl who she named turtleneck. This was not her daughter instead someone she barely k stark naked pass on her off to Taylor. turn over was not your average toddler, she was what some community call retarded or slow, notwithstanding Taylor did not til now notice that, all she saw was a little girl in request of help. Even though Taylor could not give tump over a feeling of riches, she knew she could at least do disclose than before. throughout the rest of the book Taylor experiences many events that portray evil. Turtles main goal in life, separate than hanging on to things, seemed to be to pass unnoticed (81). Turtle was a mentally slow child.When she was give to Taylor the woman verbalize that her mother had died and that the little girl had no kinsfolk. Taylor was plainly being a well person and taking Turtle, so that she could live in a better place. Once she had Turtle she took her binding to the hotel and gave her a bath. When she did she recognise that the black and blue marks on her body was not just dirt, scarcely bruises. Taylor had grown up in a loving house with a loving mother who taught her the necessities of life. sightedness Turtle and beat up and scared broke Taylors heart. in that location was a cactus with bushy munition and a turn up of yellow spines as thick as fur. A bird had built her snuggle in it. In and out she flew among the horrible spiny branches, never once hesitating. You just couldnt imagine how shed do a home in there (130). Which makes Turtles new life, not glamorous, but a lot better than it co uld have been. Turtle was not the only person in Taylors life. There were two immigrants that were friends of hers they were Esperanza and Esteven. She knew that they were in the country illegally, but Taylor did not care.They were nice people who had been tortured in their life as well. The politics had been trying to get them and e realone seemed to be very rude to them. You can go and pick up heaven. What? You see a room just like the first one, the alike(p) table, the same pot of stew, the same spoons as ache as a sponge mop. But these people are all dexterous and fat (113). Esteven meant that there is people go forth help you in heaven, but no one will help you in hell. He was influencing that he was in hell because someone had kidnapped his very own kid, and the disposal is out to get rid of them.This shows how their whole life they have been trying to run away from evil. Turtle was a very unlucky and lucky girl. She was unlucky in the sense that she had been abused and nearly befogged and kidnapped. She was in the ballpark one day playing with Lou Anns child, when this scary man came up and was liberation to take her. Her broody put up her cane and scared the man away. Turtle did not just forget active it though. She went on not talking to anyone about anything, even Taylor. Taylor had always been very unfaltering when hard or scary situations came upon them.In this case she was not, she was going crazy worried that Turtle would never talk again. She overly started feeling sorry for herself, like she wasnt good enough to be a mother to Turtle. She short came to realize that she was the best life that Turtle could have right now. Eventually Turtle talked again but it she felt most comfortable with Taylor. Throughout this book there were many no-good experiences that happened to Taylor. She found a sad little girl that was abandoned and bruised, friends that were in trouble with the government, and a new daughter that was almost kidnapped .Even throughout all of those hard times Taylor managed to not freak out she always looked at life in the positive eye. Taylor is a strong woman, and even though people have their weaknesses she was a ample mother to Turtle. Out of all the evil in her life she make it look so simple to deal with. I was not the smartest or even particularly striking but I was there and staying out of trouble and I intended to finish (3). Taylor was not the utter(a) mother or a perfect person, but she had a great heart and a great passion to do the right thing, and that she was amazing at.The Bean TreesIn the book The Bean Trees by Barbara Kingsolver, there is a young girl named Taylor who did not want to be like the typical girls from Kentucky. She wanted to go and get out of the small town. She got in her old beat up car and traveled throughout the United States, until she landed in Arizona. When she was there she not only had to deal with herself, but she now had a little girl who she named Turt le. This was not her daughter instead someone she barely knew handed her off to Taylor.Turtle was not your average toddler, she was what some people call retarded or slow, but Taylor did not even notice that, all she saw was a little girl in need of help. Even though Taylor could not give Turtle a life of riches, she knew she could at least do better than before. Throughout the rest of the book Taylor experiences many events that portray evil. Turtles main goal in life, other than hanging on to things, seemed to be to pass unnoticed (81). Turtle was a mentally slow child.When she was given to Taylor the woman said that her mother had died and that the little girl had no home. Taylor was just being a good person and taking Turtle, so that she could live in a better place. Once she had Turtle she took her back to the hotel and gave her a bath. When she did she realized that the black and blue marks on her body was not just dirt, but bruises. Taylor had grown up in a loving house with a loving mother who taught her the necessities of life.Seeing Turtle and beat up and scared broke Taylors heart. There was a cactus with bushy arms and a coat of yellow spines as thick as fur. A bird had built her nest in it. In and out she flew among the horrible spiny branches, never once hesitating. You just couldnt imagine how shed made a home in there (130). Which makes Turtles new life, not glamorous, but a lot better than it could have been. Turtle was not the only person in Taylors life. There were two immigrants that were friends of hers they were Esperanza and Esteven. She knew that they were in the country illegally, but Taylor did not care.They were nice people who had been tortured in their life as well. The government had been trying to get them and everyone seemed to be very rude to them. You can go and visit heaven. What? You see a room just like the first one, the same table, the same pot of stew, the same spoons as long as a sponge mop. But these people are all hap py and fat (113). Esteven meant that there is people will help you in heaven, but no one will help you in hell. He was influencing that he was in hell because someone had kidnapped his very own kid, and the government is out to get rid of them.This shows how their whole life they have been trying to run away from evil. Turtle was a very unlucky and lucky girl. She was unlucky in the sense that she had been abused and almost lost and kidnapped. She was in the park one day playing with Lou Anns child, when this scary man came up and was going to take her. Her babysitter put up her cane and scared the man away. Turtle did not just forget about it though. She went on not talking to anyone about anything, even Taylor. Taylor had always been very strong when hard or scary situations came upon them.In this case she was not, she was going crazy worried that Turtle would never talk again. She also started feeling sorry for herself, like she wasnt good enough to be a mother to Turtle. She soo n came to realize that she was the best life that Turtle could have right now. Eventually Turtle talked again but it she felt most comfortable with Taylor. Throughout this book there were many bad experiences that happened to Taylor. She found a sad little girl that was abandoned and bruised, friends that were in trouble with the government, and a new daughter that was almost kidnapped.Even throughout all of those hard times Taylor managed to not freak out she always looked at life in the positive eye. Taylor is a strong woman, and even though people have their weaknesses she was a great mother to Turtle. Out of all the evil in her life she made it look so simple to deal with. I was not the smartest or even particularly outstanding but I was there and staying out of trouble and I intended to finish (3). Taylor was not the perfect mother or a perfect person, but she had a great heart and a great passion to do the right thing, and that she was amazing at.

Why Do You Want to Participate in Early the Early College Program?

ADOLESCENT COGNITIVE victimization According to Piaget, around age 11 young people enter the formal operations coiffe in which they develop the capacity for abstract, systematic, scientific thinking. A characteristic of formal operational thinking = hypothetic-deductive reasoning. When set ab forbidden with a problem they start with a hypothesis or prediction about variables that might take up the outcome, from which they deduce logical, testable inferences.Then they systematically isolate and combine variables to see which of these inferences are confirmed in the real populace A second characteristic of Piagets formal operational thought is propositional thought the capacity to pass judgment the logic of propositions (verbal statements) without referring to real intent situations Consequences of Adolescent Cognitive Development Cognitive development leads to distorted images of the descent between the self and others. Imaginary audience belief that they are the focus of e very ace elses attention and concern.As a result they become extremely self-conscious A second cognitive distortion is the personal fabrication they are sure others are observing and thinking about them they develop an inflated opinion of their induce importance a feeling that they are special and unique EMOTIONAL AND SOCIAL emergence IN ADOLESENCE Erikson suggested that identity is the major personality achievement of adolescents it involves defining who one is, what one values and the direction one chooses to pursue in life.Erikson called the psychological conflict of adolescence Identity versus Role Confusion Research has identified 4 identity statuses Identity Achievement commitment to values, beliefs, and goals following a period of geographic expedition Identity Moratorium exploration without committing Identity Foreclosure commitment in the absence of exploration Identity Diffusion an apathetic state characterized by lack of both exploration and commitment Peer pre ssure is great during adolescenceAdolescents feel pressured to conform to the accomplice culture dress, grooming Problems of Adolescence Depression Suicide EARLY adulthood COGNITIVE ontogeny Contrary to what Piaget suggested, researchers argue that cognitive development continues beyond adolescence to Postformal Thought Several theories in support William Perry Relativistic thinking the ability to recognize the legitimacy of competing points of view Gisella ViefPragmatic thinking a tool in which logic becomes the tool for declaration real-world problems. Proposed that postformal thinking involves adapting logical thinking to the practical constraints of real-life situations. EMOTIONAL AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN EARLY ADULTHOOD Erikson suggested that early adulthood encompasses Intimacy versus Isolation stage, which is reflected in the you persons thoughts and feeling about do a permanent commitment to an intimate partner.The social clock age graded expectations for major life events Establishing intimate relationships usually end in marriage, then come children. Decision to have children COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN MIDDLE ADULTHOOD Does intelligence decline with age? Yes and No Fluid Intelligence depends firmly on basic information processing skills Crystallized Intelligence refers to skills that depend on accumulate knowledge and experience, good judgment, and mastery of social conventions abilities acquired because they are values within the individuals culture.EMOTIONAL AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN MIDDLE ADULTHOOD Eriksons crisis in lay adulthood = generativity versus stagnation it involves reaching out to others in ways that give to and guide the next generation Midlife Crisis the inner turmoil during the transition to middle adulthood Empty Nest Syndrome Sandwich generation to refer to the idea that middle aged adults must care for multiple generations at the same time. COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN LATE ADULTHOOD

The National Coalition Against the Death Penalty

The oddment penalisation has been a fairly contentious have it away in the United States since 1930 when statistics first began to be regularly collected. By the late 1960s, an unofficial moratorium took place imputable to mounting opposition to the law that was authorized in wholly but 10 states. In 1972, the dictatorial Court struck down the arbitrary and capricious state and federal death penalization laws (History of the ending Penalty, end Penalty & Moratorium). However, the 1976 rulings re-imposing the majuscule punishment brought to the fore the gravity of the issue for the American universe. The Supreme Court ending bringing back the controversial law was met with concerted efforts by those who vigorously oppose death penalty. unrivaled entity that perhaps best symbolizes opposition to its reinstatement is the subject area densification to do away with the wipeout Penalty (NCADP), a alignment organization formed shortly after the Supreme Court ruling.The NC ADP has, since its formation in 1976, been the only discipline organization with a full staff that is devoted exclusively to the abolishment of the capital punishment. Its work includes the providing of data and public policy advocates and the mobilization of, and support for, individuals and institutions sharing the unconditional rejection of the death penalty (National Coalition 1).NCADP boot and GoalsThe main argument of the NDADP in its stand against the death penalty is the belief that the ultimate punishment equates to the devaluation of all human life. With the execution of the capital offender, the organization believes that the spiritual transformation inborn to every human beingness is denied. The organization likewise argues three separate critical concerns, namely the irrevocability of the capital punishment within a dishearteningly fallible judicial system the laws race and class bias against the poor and racial minorities, and the death penaltys intrinsic viola tion of our nearly basic human rights.The National Coalition for the Abolition of the Death Penalty, based in Washington D.C., boasts of a 30-year history of organizing opposition to the U.S. death penalty (Hogan & Hartson Announcements). One of the more prominent heads of NCADP has been infant Helen Prejean CSJ, a Roman Catholic nun of the Sisters of St. Joseph of Medaille.Serving the organization from 1993 to 1995, Prejean became a crusader against the death penalty following her ministering and witnessing many executions beginning with that of Louisiana convicted murderer Elmo Patrick Sonnier. Her autobiographical account of the relationship she made with Sonnier became the earth for the film and opera Dead Man Walking. (Helen Prejean 1-4).The direction of the National Coalition Against the Death Penalty is organize around the four central mission areas of legislative advocacy, grassroots advocacy, media advocacy and human rights advocacy.Believing that the abolishment of the capital punishment in the United States can be achieved victimization a multi-faceted approach, the NCADP spells out its four-core mission as followsLegislative Advocacy cooperating with policy-makers and their constituents to adopt legislation that opposes the death penalty at the local, state, as tumefy as national level.Media Advocacy using mainly local and state media to broaden the public disapproval of the capital punishment.Grassroots Advocacy providing assistance to NCADP affiliates in organizing activities that oppose the death penalty and in arriver out to American communities to take a stand against the death penalty.Human Rights Advocacy highlighting the capital punishment as a violation of human rights and working to gain the support of the world in abolishing the death penalty in the United States. (National Coalition Our Focus).NCADP Strategy and Tactics The organization conducts its campaign against capital punishment using its four non-violent advocacy methods at the local, state and national levels. (National Coalition, Wikipedia 2). The use of info dissemination is an important tool of the NCADP towards the goal of abolishing death penalty in the United States. Primarily using the local media, which it believes to be the greater intelligence source of the American public, NCADP works to inform about facts and figures that sanction the call against capital punishment. Through other media outlets including its website www.ncadp.org and the national media, it presents many eye-opening if not disturbing data on the modern implementation of death penalty in the country.The death penalty related information the NCADP provides is essentially statistics-based, perhaps in the effort to be scientific and less incontrovertible. It extensively collects and presents telling information such as 95 percent of the nearly 4,000 death convicts are so poor that they were unable to charter a private attorney. African Americans comprise 42% o f those currently on death row disrespect the fact that they make up a mere 12% of the total population. More than 60% of those convicted to jade for childhood offenses since the 1976 re-imposition have either been African Americans or Latinos (National Coalition, Fact Sheet). Being a coalition organization, the NCADP dodge in seeking the legitimate abolition of death penalty includes forging linkages with state and local, national and planetary affiliates. It has local affiliates in Alabama, Arizona and California and its national affiliates include Amnesty International, USA Program to Abolish the Death Penalty.The NCADP also counts international affiliates from the United Kingdom (Death Penalty UK Death Row Reprieve UK), Germany (German Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty (GCADP), France (Coalition for Truth and Justice Ensemble contre la peine de mort) and Botswana (The Botswana Centre for Human Rights). The NCADP also list as an ally the Missourians Against State Killing organization (National Coalition interacts).Successes and Failures In evaluating its success or failure, many factors can be used to gauge the NCADP. Organization- and support-wise, Americas leading financial evaluator of independent charities, liberality navigator, shows a successful picture of the NCADP.The National Coalition for the Abolition of the Death Penalty is considered a sympathy organization and its continued existence as the largest in its advocacy reflects the considerable support the American public has given it. No less than charity Navigator gives it a thumbs up for financial health. Moreover, Charity Navigator has for the last three years given NCADP a consistent four-star overall rating (60++ percent from 2003-2005). paygrade the coalition three stars for efficiency and four stars for capacity, Charity Navigator gives NCADP the highest overall peer rating along with the A.J. Muste Memorial Institute. (Charity Navigator Rating, Peer Analysis).In terms of the success of its mission of abolishing the capital punishment, the milestones in the collective efforts of all anti-death penalty advocates can be considered as success for the coalition organization itself.The NCADP recognizes the 2003 commutation for over 150 death convictsthe largest in modern American historyby Illinois Gov. George Ryan as a turning point in the debate over capital punishment in the country (NCADP Welcomes 1 & 3). A most recent development is the 2005 Supreme Court in Roper V. Simmons ruling against the imposition of the death penalty for those under 18 years of age at the time of the crime. Another good news came in 2004 when the high court of New York declared death penalty unconstitutional.In terms of failures, the most obvious proof that NCADP has not met its goal is the fact that the capital punishment still exists as legal over more of the United States. Specific legislations have also strengthened death penalty as when President Bill Clinton signed two ant i-terrorism laws in 1994 and 1996 that expanded federal death penalty and dependent federal court reviews, respectively (Information Center Timeline).However, judging by public support for and against the death penalty based on protracted Gallup Poll surveys, it would seem that the efforts of the anti-death penalty advocatesincluding the NCADPs media advocacyappear to be at long last paying off. From the 1970s when the organization was formed until 1994, a great majority of Americans favored the death penalty over life imprisonment as penalty for murder. From 1994 to 1997, however, the number of Americans favoring life imprisonment instead has grown steadily. As of May 2004, even after the September 11 attacks, the number of those who favor death penalty was only marginally higher than those who go for life imprisonment (Information Center Public Support).NCADP has a charity privacy policy that requires the donor to inform the charity to remove his or her name and other contact i nformation from the mailing lists sold, traded or shared. Current leadership of the NCADP has Diann Rust-Tierney as Executive Director and Jason Zanon as the Interim Executive Director (Charity Navigator Donor Privacy Policy Leadership).Works CitedCharity Navigator. Charity Rating National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty. CharityNavigator website.http//www.charitynavigator.org/index.cfm/bay/search.summary/orgid/7734.htm.Death Penalty Information Center. Part II History of the Death Penalty. DPIC website. 19 Dec.2006http//www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/article.php?scid=15did=411.Helen Prejean. Wikipedia, The set down Encyclopedia. 11 Dec 2006, 2142 UTC. WikimediaFoundation, Inc. 19 Dec 2006 http//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Helen_Prejeanoldid=93663475.History of the Death Penalty Recent Developments. University of Alaska Anchorage JusticeCenter. Updated 2 May 2005. http//justice.uaa.alaska.edu/death/history.htmlunitedstates.Hogan Hartson. Announcements. Hogan Hartson web site. 19 Dec. 20016http//www.hhlaw.com/newsstand/detail.aspx?news=686.National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty. About the NCADP. NCADP website. 19 Dec.2006 http//www.ncadp.org/about_us.html.National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty. Affiliate Links. NCADP website. 19 Dec. 2006http//ncadp.org/affiliate_links.html.National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty. Fact Sheet The Death Penalty and racial Bias.NCADP website. 19 Dec. 2006. http//www.ncadp.org/fact_sheet2.html.National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 16 Oct2006, 2232 UTC. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 19 Dec 2006 http//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Coalition_to_Abolish_the_Death_Penaltyoldid=81876029.NCADP Welcomes Largest Commutation Of Death Sentences In Modern U.S. History. 11 Jan.2003. Initiative gegen discover Todesstrafe website.19 Dec. 2006 http//www.initiative-gegen-die-todesstrafe.de/ncadp.htm.

Strategic Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 3

Strategic Management - Essay ExampleSpecially mentioning, strategic management assists modern business organisations to take effective decisions and conduct activities for attaining success, resulting in attaining superior competitive shoes and sustaining in the long run (Wells, 2003).In this essay, the views of two different authors of strategic management allow be elaborately discussed in order to gain a proper understanding of strategy. The essay intends to explore and analyse the views of Mintzbergs ten schools of thoughts along with Whittingtons four strategic lenses. A proper analysis will be conducted in order to gain insights about the different levels of strategy.According to the views of Michael Porter, strategy is a decision, which includes a conscious approach of per songing activities in a different manner from that of the competitors in order to bring through a viable long-term competitive advantage. Porter states that it is important for the organisations to focus non only on the operational perspectives but also on the strategic activities that tends to be effective in performing in effect in the business markets (Sage Publication, n.d.). Moreover, as per the views of Strickland and Thompson (2003), strategy is described as a managerial process, which is used to form strategic visions, objectives and approaches that be considered to be appropriate in order to accomplish long-term success. It is reflected that a strategy is said to be ineffective without the implementation of proper strategic management. It is often observed that there are various strategies that reflect as quite useful for developing overall business performance, but does not succeed in the long-run due to the lack of strategic management initiative. It is noticeable that the success of the organisations is untroubled on various factors and thus there exists various levels of strategy for fulfilling the

Equity of Opportunity, Class Cleavages, the Role of the State, and Research Paper

honor of Opportunity, Class Cleavages, the Role of the State, and Globalization - Research Paper ExampleI will discuss recount of favorable and political motivation to end child poverty in Canada and will raise social change scenarios to direct attention to positive outcomes of implementing a guaranteed one-year income for all Canadians, alleviating child poverty in Canada. 2. Objective My objective, in this paper, is to outline the issue of Child Poverty in Canada and to argue for a pick out solution to it, a guaranteed annual income for all Canadians. I intend to build a logical, persuasive argument, well-documented by reputable sources, calling for ethical action for societys benefit. 3. Thesis Statement The federal presidential term should implement a guaranteed annual income for all Canadians to alleviate child poverty. 4. Outline I. Introduction A. Provide definitions and Canadian interpretations of child poverty. B. Child poverty is inversely correlated with income. C. T he federal government should implement a guaranteed annual income for all Canadians to alleviate child poverty. II. Literature Review and Discussion A. Discuss child poverty in Canada. i. In one of the richest countries, 1,400,000 children live in poverty. ii.

Is Debt Relief Possible to Poor Countries Article

Is Debt relaxation Possible to Poor Countries - Article ExampleI testament present the article from Stanford University done by Marguerite Religioso that goes to prove in her article that debt relief is possible only for some poor nations. She cited that the outside(a) Monetary fund has been continuing its efforts to come up with an instrument that would help the poor countries who are hard indebted. Her theory of Is debt relief a viable solution to worldwide poverty or a waste matter of time and money has pros and cons which she cited in the article. To evaluate the rationality of arguments, the author cited the moot done by Stanford have students total heat and Arslanalp who used the stock market as a reliable source of the economical indicator. The portentous result of the study proved that the stock market of the countries that obtained debt relief from the Brady plan (named after the U. S. Government Treasurer) showed 60% appreciation in 1989 to 1995 in real dollar ter ms even before debt relief was formally accepted. This is the period that debt relief is being studied for implementation in sixteen countries identified in Brady Plan. The study confirmed Henrys theory that the behavior of the stock market is an accurate predictor of economic movement/ Henry says, within a year of each countrys Brady agreement, foreign slap-up began flowing back in, and robust economic growth resumed that only goes to show debt relief is beneficial. Religiose referred to the study of Henry that explains a debt relief situation that is usually happening when a country suffers temporary difficulty of debt servicing. Its creditors put to be apprehensive and quickly collect their loans all at once. Since no one could be gainful at all, a complete economic standstill occurs. When some of the debts are relieved, new funds will come to stimulate growth and investment. While the basic objective of debt relief is supposed to be use to all poor countries, Regiglioso repor ted that debt relief doesnt work for the poorest of the poor.

Econ 417 Assignment 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Econ 417 Assignment 3 - Essay ExampleThe technological advancements be increasing day by day and the engine room is becoming more and more efficient. This not lonesome(prenominal) increases the efficiency of these machines but the costs of founding have also been reduced. The writer gives examples of advancements in internet, agricultural and wellness sectors. Later it is explained that the growth in technology is actually extremely good for economic growth. The new technology which comes in actually makes the older one obsolete and out of date. As a result, this ends up universe a drawback, as new technology ends up replacing old technology. An excellent example of the business relationship of light is mentioned here. From the campfire discovered thousands of years ago passing through candles and bulbs, todays fluorescent lights are 143,000 times brighter than the campfires (Easterly 175). These dramatic advancements in technology have been visible over centuries and this ha s increased efficiency manifold. With the bearing of technology the people should also have the incentive to use it. Technology without incentive may be useless and this has been seen on multiple occasions in history. The romans had the resources and the technology but they did not pull ahead. Similarly the Chinese were the first to have access to a variety of technologies before the Europeans could even have imagined. However, they lacked an incentive for its employ and as a result the technologies remained stagnant for a long period of time before they were taken over by others. Another feature which is important along with technology is education. It has been witnessed that the productivity of workers in substantial economies may be similar but their income levels may be different. A genuinely significant priming coat behind this is that the different educational levels cause different levels of usage of the technology. The important factor for technological progress and f or economic growth is the incentive to use these for the betterment. For the poorer countries the absence of technology can be both an value and a disadvantage. The disadvantage can be in a sense that the absence of experience of technology can result in a reversal of effect. This is because the workers will be semi-skilled or unskilled as far as the expertise is concerned. This is because they will be inexperienced in the handling of technology. They will not be able to handle the machinery and the return over the technology will be much begin than to the skilled workers of the developed nations. The advantage will be extremely essential for the developing or under-developed countries because the poseation of the technology and its implementation will be extremely cost effective. The will directly have to install the technology and it will be much easier instead of upgrading the old technology or replacing it. Chapter 10 Summary This chapter begins with the examples of the incid ents in the lives of three women. These women represent the poverty stricken people from the poorer nations of Zambia, India and Vietnam. The three families face similar situations where the death of a working person results in the isolation of the family where they are now dependent on others for survival. They are thrown into the poverty trap by the human disasters which cannot be controlled. The poor households find themselves very vulnerable to shocks such as human disasters. Such households do not have any positive and in situations of shock they are